Expression and Detection Value of 6 Chlamydia Trachomatis Protein Antibodies in Tubal Factor Infertility / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

ObjectiveTo further study the pathogenic role of different types of Chlamydia trachomatis （CT） proteins in tubal factor infertility， evaluate the clinical detection value of Chlamydia trachomatis protein antibody in predicting tubal factor infertility. MethodsA total of 58 cases of tubal factor infertility （TFI）， 41 cases of fertile controls （FC） and 18 cases of infertile controls （IFC） were included. For serum detection， first， CT-IgG ELISA kit was used to detect the expression of CT-IgG in serum of three groups of people； then， 6 kinds of Chlamydia trachomatis proteins were expressed and purified in the early stage to establish the antibody test for these proteins， and ELISA detection method was used to detect the expression of their antibodies in the serum of TFI group， FC group and IFC group， respectively； and finally， the antibody OD value of the 6 kinds of Chlamydia trachomatis proteins in the three groups of subjects were statistically described， and CT-IgG was used as the reference standard to draw the receiver operating characteristic curve （ROC curve） of each CT antibody. The Youden Index determines the cutoff value for each antibody. Taking TFI as the reference class， two disordered multiple classification logistic regression models were established with the FC and IFC groups， respectively； and the reference class was used to explore the value of various antibodies and age in predicting TFI， FC and IFC of Chlamydia trachomatis. The back-off method was used to screen the variables. ResultsThe OD value of CT376 antibody in the TFI group was higher than that in the FC group （0.86 vs. 0.60， P=0.026）. The CT376 antibody OD value in the TFI group was higher than that in the IFC group （0.86 vs. 0.64， P=0.026）. The CT443 antibody OD value in the IFC group was higher than that in the TFI group （0.59 vs. 0.34， P=0.036） and higher than that in the FC group （0.59 vs. 0.30， P=0.02）. The multiple classification logistic regression analysis established between TFI and FC showed that CT-IgG ［P<0.001， OR=0.084， 95%CI （0.025， 0.284）］， CT376 antibody ［P=0.068， OR=0.359， 95%CI （0.120， 1.078）］. CT-IgG is an independent risk factor for tubal infertility， and CT376 antibody cannot be an independent risk factor for tubal infertility. The multiple classification logistic regression analysis established between TFI and IFC showed that among infertile patients， CT-IgG ［P<0.05， OR=0.194， 95%CI （0.046， 0.817）］， CT376 antibody ［P<0.05， OR=0.176， 95%CI （0.038， 0.818）］ and CT381 antibody ［P<0.05， OR=0.112， 95%CI （ 0.016， 0.796）］ were independent risk factors for tubal infertility. ConclusionThe expression of CT376 antibody in tubal infertility patients is higher than that in fertile and infertile controls， suggesting that CT-induced tubal factor infertility may be related to CT376. CT-IgG， and CT376 antibodies are meaningful in predicting CT-induced tubal factor infertility.

ADAM9 decreases in castration resistant prostate cancer and is a prognostic factor for overall survival / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>A disintegrin and metalloprotease 9 (ADAM9) is a membrane-anchored enzyme which is considered to be involved in some diseases including tumor. However, the role of ADAM9 in castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is not clear. This study aimed to explore the different expressions on protein and messenger RNA (mRNA) level of ADAM9 between hormonal sensitive prostate cancer (HSPC) and CRPC tissue, and find the correlation with prognosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Clinicopathologic characteristics of 106 HSPC and 76 CRPC cases were collected. The ADAM9 expressions were analyzed using immunohistochemistry. ADAM9 mRNA of 32 additional cases (16 HSPC and 16 CRPC patients) were analyzed via quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The prediction values of variables for overall survival (OS) of CRPC patients were analyzed using Cox regression.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>ADAM9 protein expression was significantly downregulated in CRPC compared with HSPC tissue (31.6% vs. 81.1%, P < 0.001). The relativity transcription level of ADAM9 mRNA was 0.45 for CRPC tissue and 1.0 for HSPC tissue (P = 0.002). In the CRPC group, patients with low ADAM9 protein expression were significantly associated with shorter OS than patients with high expression (38.6 months vs. 57.8 months, hazard rate (HR) = 2.638, P = 0.023).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>ADAM9 expression was low in CRPC, correlated with poor prognosis and might be involved in the succession from HSPC to CRPC by various functions.</p>

The survival analysis of metastatic prostate cancer / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVES</b>To analyze the clinical and pathological informations of metastatic prostate cancer patients to find the predictive factors of the survival.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>To filter 364 cases of metastatic prostate cancer in the 940 cases of prostate cancer that were treated in Cancer Hospital Fudan University in Shanghai from March 1998 to June 2009, the cases had hormonal therapy and full clinical and pathological records. All the 364 cases were followed up and the clinical and pathological informations were analyzed, to find the predictive factors that related to the prognosis. Statistic software SPSS 15.0 was used for analysis. Cumulative survival was analyzed by the method of Kaplan-Meier. Cox regression was used for univariate and multivariate analysis. Log-rank method was used for the significance test.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The last follow-up date was 30th June 2009 and the median follow-up time was 24 months. At the final follow-up, 240 cases were alive, 109 cases were dead and 15 cases were lost to follow up. The median survival time of metastatic prostate cancer was 64 months, and the one-year, two-year, three-year, four-year, five-year survival rate was 92%, 78%, 66%, 60%, 54%. The univariate analysis indicated that Gleason score (P = 0.033), clinical stage (P < 0.001), the effectiveness of hormonal therapy (P < 0.001), the prostate specific antigen (PSA) nadir during hormonal therapy (P < 0.001) and the time from the start of hormonal therapy to the PSA nadir (P = 0.002) were predictive factors for the survival time of metastatic prostate cancer. The multivariate analysis indicated that the PSA nadir during hormonal therapy (P < 0.001) and the time from the start of hormonal therapy to the PSA nadir (P < 0.001) were independent factors that predict the survival time of metastatic prostate cancer.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The PSA nadir during hormonal therapy and the time from the start of hormonal therapy to the PSA nadir are independent factors that predict the survival time of metastatic prostate cancer.</p>

External validation of the Partin tables 2007 in Chinese prostate cancer patients / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To validate the 2007 Partin tables externally, which are based on the population of United States, using a cohort of Chinese prostate cancer patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>All of the patients enrolled and underwent radical prostatectomy between January 2006 and February 2010 were reviewed. The cases without preoperative hormone therapy and pelvic lymph node involvement according to radiologic tests were used for the external validation of the 2007 Partin tables. A comparative analysis of the clinical and pathological parameters of this Chinese cohort and Partin tables cohort was performed. Values of areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were used to assess predictive accuracy for the Chinese cohort.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mean age of the whole cohort was 67 years. The serum prostate specific antigen level, Gleason score and clinical stage of this cohort were higher than the Partin tables cohort. The pathological outcomes analysis revealed that the rates of organ confined disease, capsular penetration, seminal vesicle involvement and lymph node involvement were 62.3%, 16.7%, 12.3% and 8.8%, respectively. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) for organ confined disease, capsular penetration, seminal vesicle involvement and lymph node involvement were 0.735, 0.653, 0.601 and 0.845.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The Partin tables discriminate well for Chinese patients at risk for positive lymph node. The discrimination of organ confined disease is also acceptable and the discrimination of capsular penetration and seminal vesicle involvement is more limited.</p>

The survival analysis of the advanced metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze predictive factors of advanced metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From December 1996 to March 2008, 250 cases of advanced metastatic prostate cancer progressed into the stage of hormonal independent prostate cancer. The last follow-up date was 31 March 2008 and the median follow-up time was 24 months. During the follow-up, 131 cases were alive, 105 cases were dead and 14 cases were lost to follow-up. Clinical and pathological information of the cases was analyzed to find the predictive factors that related to the prognosis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The median survival time of advanced metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer was 30 months, and the one-year, two-year, three-year survival rate was 79%, 59%, and 41%. The univariate analysis indicated that prostate specific antigen (PSA) at diagnosis, clinical stage, the PSA nadir during hormonal therapy, the time form the start of hormonal therapy to the PSA nadir, the time of response duration during hormonal therapy, PSA velocity (PSAV) and PSA doubling time (PSADT) at the emergency of castration-resistant prostate cancer, age and PSA at the diagnosis of castration-resistant prostate cancer were factors that predicted the survival time of advanced metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. The multivariate analysis indicated that the PSA nadir during hormonal therapy, the time form the start of hormonal therapy to the PSA nadir, PSAV at the emergency of castration-resistant prostate cancer, the time of response duration during hormonal therapy were independent factors that predicted the survival time of advanced metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The PSA nadir during hormonal therapy, the time form the start of hormonal therapy to the PSA nadir, PSAV at the emergency of castration-resistant prostate cancer and the time of response duration during hormonal therapy are independent factors that predict the survival time of advanced metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.</p>

Repeat transurethral resection for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the efficacy of repeat transurethral resection of tumor in patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From March 2004 to August 2008, 462 patients (350 males, 112 females, aged from 35 to 83 years old) with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer, were evaluated according to tumor stage, grade and muscle or no muscle tissue in initial transurethral resected sample. One hundred and twenty-five patients underwent repeat transurethral resection of bladder tumor within 4 to 6 weeks after initial resection. Of these 125 patients 49 were Ta, 76 were T1, 58 were low grade carcinoma, 67 were high grade carcinoma and 30 were not found presence of muscle tissue in initial resected sample in patients with T1 stage.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 125 cases, 34.4% (43/125) had residual tumor and 65.6% (82/125) had no tumor on repeat transurethral resection. Of 43 cases with residual tumor 35 had non-muscle invasive tumor including 15 in Ta and 20 in T1. The patients with high grade carcinoma had more residual tumor than those with low grade carcinoma (P < 0.05). The patients with muscle tissue in initial transurethral resected sample had fewer residual tumor than those without (P < 0.05). Twelve cases (9.6%) were understated at initial resection. Six cases (4.8%) had bladder perforation and 7 (5.6%) had bleeding during repeat transurethral resection. All cases were followed up for 3 to 56 months (median 26 months), 37.2% (16/43) patients with residual tumor in repeat transurethral resection had recurrence while only 12.2% (10/82) without residual tumor in repeat transurethral resection did (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Routine repeat transurethral resection is advised to non-muscle invasive bladder cancer patients with T1 tumor or high grade carcinoma or no muscle tissue in initial transurethral resected sample within 4 to 6 weeks after initial resection. Repeat transurethral resection could increases the stage accuracy.</p>

Human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 protein expression in Chinese metastatic prostate cancer patients correlates with cancer specific survival and increases after exposure to hormonal therapy / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>AIM</b>To investigate human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2) protein expression and gene amplification in Chinese metastatic prostate cancer patients and their potential value as prognostic factors.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed to investigate HER2 protein expression in prostate biopsy specimens from 104 Chinese metastatic prostate cancer patients. After 3-11 months of hormonal therapy, 12 patients underwent transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). HER2 protein expression of TURP specimens was compared with that of the original biopsy specimens. Of these, 10 biopsy and 4 TURP specimens with HER2 IHC staining scores >or=2+ were investigated for HER2 gene amplification status by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 104 prostate biopsy specimens, HER2 protein expression was 0, 1+, 2+ and 3+ in 49 (47.1%), 45 (43.3%), 8 (7.7%) and 2 (1.9%) cases, respectively. There was a significant association between HER2 expression and Gleason score (P = 0.026). HER2 protein expression of prostate cancer tissues increased in 33.3% of patients after hormonal therapy. None of the 14 specimens with HER2 IHC scores >or= 2+ showed HER2 gene amplification. Patients with HER2 scores >or= 2+ had a significantly higher chance of dying from prostate cancer than those with HER2 scores of 0 (P = 0.004) and 1+ (P = 0.034). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that HER2 protein expression intensity was an independent predictor of cancer-related death (P = 0.039).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>An HER2 IHC score >or= 2+ should be defined as HER2 protein overexpression in prostate cancer. Overexpression of HER2 protein in cancer tissue might suggest an increased risk of dying from prostate cancer. HER2 protein expression increases in some individual patients after hormonal therapy.</p>

Epidemiology of prostate cancer from three centers and analysis of the first-line hormonal therapy for the advanced disease / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVES</b>To analyze the epidemiology information of prostate cancer from three centers of Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, and to reflect the current situation of prostate cancer in China, and to analyze the information of 272 patients with advanced prostate cancer who received hormonal therapy to find the prognostic factors of hormone therapy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Collect the information of 525 patients with prostate cancer from three centers. Two hundred and seventy-two cases of advanced prostate cancer with full information were selected from the 525 cases to analyze the prognostic factors of hormone therapy.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Three hundred and fifty-seven cases (68.0%) had advanced disease at diagnosis and 80.2% patients received hormone therapy as the main therapy. Prognostic analysis indicated that Gleason score, bone metastasis and prostate specific antigen nadir were independent prognostic factors of progression-free survival time.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>In this report, most patients are advanced prostate cancer at diagnose, and hormonal therapy is the main therapy. Gleason score, bone metastasis, prostate specific antigen nadir are independent prognostic factors of advanced prostate cancer after hormone therapy.</p>